Sustainability of Digital Formats
Planning for Library of Congress Collections
Sustainability of Digital Formats
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| Introduction | Sustainability Factors | Content Categories | Format Descriptions | Contact | |
| Full name | Indeo Video Codec, Version 3 |
| Description | Bitstream encoding for video, originally developed by Intel. John McGowan states that Indeo 3 employs vector quantization. Before being supplanted by later versions, Windows implementations were distributed by Ligos Corporation and Mac versions by Apple. Versions 3.1 and 3.2 are both covered by this document. Indeo versions 4 and 5 (Indeo_5) compress by means of wavelet transforms rather than vector quantization; nevertheless, they are listed as later versions below. As of December 2007, only version 4.4 (limited to OS 9) was being offered by Apple. |
| Production phase | Generally used as an end-user delivery format. |
| Relationship to other formats | |
| Used by | AVI_Indeo AVI, Indeo Codec |
| Used by | QuickTime, Indeo Codec (not documented at this time) |
| Has later version | Indeo Video Codec, Version 4 (not documented at this time) |
| Has later version | Indeo_5, Indeo Video Codec, Version 5 |
| LC experience or existing holdings | |
| LC preference |
| Disclosure | Proprietary standard with some public documentation |
| Documentation | Modest but helpful documentation from the Ligos Corporation. |
| Adoption | Apparently widespread. |
| Licensing and patent claims | Indeo codecs and software may be licensed from Ligos Corporation; some information in Ligos Indeo FAQ. |
| Transparency | Depends upon algorithms and tools to read; will require sophistication to build tools. |
| Self-documentation | Not applicable; provided by wrapper formats. |
| External dependencies | None. |
| Technical protection considerations | Ligos Corporation FAQ states that developers can assign access keys to video files to protect them. These or additional protections may [also?] be provided by wrapper formats. |
| Normal rendering | Not applicable |
| Clarity (support for high image resolution) | Moderate, given this is a compression format. |
| Fidelity (support for high audio resolution) | Not applicable. |
| Support for multiple sound channels | Not applicable. |
| Functionality beyond normal video rendering | Not applicable. |
| Tag type | Value | Note |
| Filename Extension | n/a | |
| Internet Media Type | n/a | |
| Magic numbers | n/a | |
| Microsoft FOURCC | IV31, IV32 | Used when this codec is wrapped in Microsoft file formats, e.g., AVI and ASF; see the Microsoft registry, which also lists a number of additional IV FOURCCs. John McGowan states that IV32 is generally used for Indeo 3; IV41 for Indeo 4, and IV50 for Indeo 5. |
| General | |
| History |
URLs
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URLs
• Indeo product information from the Ligos Corporation (http://www.ligos.com)
• FAQ from the Ligos Corporation (http://ligos.com/pdf_docs/Indeo_FAQ.pdf)
• Documentation from the Ligos Corporation (http://ligos.com/pdf_docs/Indeo_doc.pdf)
• John McGowan's AVI Overview: Audio and Video Codecs (http://www.jmcgowan.com/avicodecs.html).
• Microsoft registry of FOURCC codes and WAVE format indicators dated 2003(http://msdn2.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms867195.aspx). The archived 2001 version of this registry is at http://www.microsoft.com/whdc/archive/fourcc.mspx.
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